Incinerator



Sept. 4, 1934. B. F. SHAUGHNESSY 'INC INERATOR Filed May 7, 1930 4Sheets$heet l gnucnloti Sept. 4, 1934. B. F. SHAUGHNESSY INCINERATORFiled May 7, 1930 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Sept. 4, 1934. B. F. SHAUGHNESSYINCINERATOR Filed May 7, 1930 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 lflillllllllllllllffllllI Sept. 4, 1934. B. F. SHAUGHNES'SY I INC INERATOR Filed May 7, 1950 4Sheets-Sheet 4 7 B O F. a Z a m n W W K h F 11+. 5 M G F I II I I I I Il h A 2 g V/ g v m WK; 1.

SSZZZZEZ Patented Sept. 4, 1934 UNETE STATES PATENT OFFICE Bernard F. IShaughnessy, Oakmcnt, Pa.

Application May. 7, 1930, Serial No. 450,444

Claims. (01. 1108) The present invention relates to refuse or garbageincinerators, and is an improvement over the incinerators disclosed inmy Patent Nos. 1,479,875 and 1,651,636, granted January 8, 1924 Y 5 andDec. 6, 1927, respectively.v

One of the objects of the invention is the provision "of an incineratorhaving a novel andimproved grate and air feeding arrangement in order tofacilitate the drying of the refuse or garbage and the combustionthereof.

Another object is the provision of a novel arrangement for accommodatingand holding the refuse or garbage delivered into the incinerator tofacilitate drying thereof.

A further object is the provision of means to accommodate the refuse orgarbage and to provide for the free outlet of the products ofcombustion.

With the foregoing and other objects in view, which will be apparent asthe description proceeds, the invention resides in the construction andarrangement of parts, as hereinafter described and claimed, it beingunderstood that changes can bemade within the scope of what is claimed,without departing from the spirit of the invention.

The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, WhereinFigure 1 is a cross section of one type-of incinerator embodying the;improvements.

Fig. 2 is a cross section of another type of incinerator embodying theimprovements, portions beingshownin elevation.

Fig. 3 is a section on the line 3-3 of Fig. 2.

Figs. 4 and 5 are cross sections of other modifications. j t

Fig. 6 is a View, partlyin plan andpartlyin horizontal section ofanother modification.

Fig. '7 is a transverse vertical section thereof.

Referring to Fig. 1 the furnace has the side walls 1 which are of sheetmetal and hollow to hold water, and they are attached at'their upperportionsto and communicate with parallel cylindrical tanks 2 for holdingwater and steam.

Tubes 3 located within thefurnace are connectedjat their upper ends withthe tanks 2 and their lower ends are connected with the walls 1 abovethe door-openings 4 thereinimrnediately above the grate and airheatingstructure.

. space or magazine provided between the tubes 3,

The openings 4 are normally closed by doors and said tubes provide freeand unencumbered spaces 7 between said tubes and'the walls 1 from whichthe outletsB lead to conduct the products of combustion from thefurnace.

The base of thefurnace has a central raised '60 grate 9 below the inlet6 and spaced below the tubes 3, to provide ajbottom for the magazine, tosupport the column of material thereon.

At the opposite sides of the grate 9 and below the spaces 7 .are thegrates '10 on which. the material is burned after being dislodged fromover the grate 9.

Air ducts 11 are located between the grates 9 and 10, and'air ducts 12are located between the grates 10 and walls I. Said ducts 11 and 12 havethe inclined slotted walls or grates 13 and 14, respectively, at theopposite sides of the grates 10to direct air at an angle over thematerial on the grates '10, air being delivered into the ducts 1'1 and12 from a blower.

There are air channels orspaces 15 "under the grates :10, and there isan air channel or space 16 under the grates, from which .air flowsupwardly through the grates, and it is preferable to return theheavierproducts of combustion from the outlets 8 to the channels 15 inorder that unburned matter may be consumed in passing through the fire,although the outlets '8 may lead .to any other point of discharge.

The air ducts 11 have openings orslots '17 communicating with thechannel 16 and controlled. by shutters 18, to permit the heat from'theburning material on the grates 10 to pass through the slotted gratewalls '13 and the openings 17 when the shutters 18 are moved to openposition. This passage of heat through the ducts 11, with the air shutoff from said ducts, will assist materially in heating the garbage orrefuse on the grate 9. I

It will also be noted'that air discharged through the grate walls 14will pass over the burning material on the grateslO and will be directedagainst the opposite sides of the column of garbage in the magazine, asindicated by arrows'in Fig. 1, lto assist in drying the wet material. If

With the present construction the garbage in 05 the magazine will movedown freely between the tubes or bars 3, and will be heated fromopposite sides to dry same. The material on the grate 9 may also beheated from underneath by opening the shutters 18 and shutting off theair from the ducts 11, so that the heat from the burning material on thegrates 10 passes through the slotted walls 13 and openings 17.

As the material on the grate 9 becomes dry it falls over the walls 13onto the grates 10, or the doors 5 may be opened for loosening thematerial so that it falls on the grates 10. The-products of combustionmay flow freely from the material on the grates into the spaces 7 andout through the outlets 8, thereby heating the material in the magazine.The products of combustion are preferably returned to the channels so asto pass through the fire in order that any unburned matter will beconsumed.

When air flows from the ducts 11 through the slotted walls 13 thereof itpasses between the material on the grates 9 and 10, to separate same andto enable the material'on the grates 10 to be burned thoroughly. 7

The furnace shown in Figs. 2 and 3 has a single combustion grate 10a,whereas the structure shown in Fig. 1 has a double combustion grate 10.The side walls 1a and top 2a of the casing are preferably hollow tocontain .water to be heated, and one wall has the garbage orrefuse-inlet 6a immediately above the sloping magazine grate 9a. Theopposite wall has the door opening 4a and doors 5a which may be openedfor access to the materials on the grates.

An air duct 11a. is disposed between the grates 9a and 10a and has theinclined slotted wall 13a, and an air duct 12a is disposed at theopposite side of the grate 10a and has an inclined slotted wall 14a. Airchannels or passages 15a, and 16a are provided under the grates 10a and9a, respectively, and the duct 11a has the opening 17a to permitheat topass from over the grate 10a under the grate 9a. A swinging valve orshutter 18a in the duct 11a is adapted to alternately close the openings17a and the air inlet openings 11 in the bottom of the duct 1101., sothat the flow of air into the duct is shut on when the openings 17a areuncovered, and when the shutter closes the openings 17a then theopenings 11' are uncovered to admit air into the duct.

The base and grate construction has the same advantages as that of thefurnace shown in Fig.

.1, excepting that the material on the grate 9a falls in only onedirection to the single grate 10a. The grate 912 being inclined,however, will facilitate the movementof the dried material from saidgrate to the grate 10a,

The top 2a has an outlet 18a for the products of combustion passingupwardly from the ma- .terial burning on thegrate 10a, and a hollowsmoke-outlet member 3a extends into the furnace above the grate 9a andcooperates with said grate to provide the magazine for the garbage orrefuse dumped through the inlet 6a. There is a free space "7a betweenthe member 3a and the wall of the furnace opposite to the garbage inlet6a to permit the products of combustion to rise from thegrate 10a to theoutlet 811 without restriction;

The member 3a is preferably of doubled-walled construction for holdingwater to be heated by the furnace, and fines 19a extend throughsaidwalls to permit the 'smoke'and green gases to pass into said member.Water inlet and outlet pipes 20a and12la' are connected to the member 3afor the flow of water, and said member may :be'in communication with thechamber of the walls 1a and top 20..

An arcuate valve 22a ismovable in the member 3a to close some of theflues or openings 19a, and

has a shaft 23c extending to the exterior of the furnace forconveniently controlling said valve.

A return pipe 24a communicates with the member 3a and with the channel15a and may contain a blower for drawing the smoke and gases anddelivering same into the channel 15a to pass up through the burningmaterial on the grate 10a so that unburned combustible particles will beconsumed by the flames.

The material on'the grate 9a being heated will give off green gases andsmoke, which will be drawn through the fines or openings 19a into themember 3a and delivered through the pipe 24a into the channel 15a to beconsumed by the flames, thereby providing a smoke consumer. The

'valve22a'is readily adjusted so that the green gases and smoke risingfrom the material in the magazine will pass into the member 3a, whilethe products of combustion from the material on the grate 10a will passupwardly to the outlet 8a. The member 3a thus serves as a smokeseparator, being arrangedbetween the material in the magazine and thespace 7a.

' Fig. 4' illustrates, in place of the member 3a of Figs. 2 and 3,watertubes 3b connected to the casing, for the flow of water throughsaid tubes, and spaced vertically to provide a magazine between saidtubes and the wall of the casing which has the garbage inlet 6a.. Saidtubes also separate the garbage from the space 7b from which the outlet82) leads. The casing has the smoke and green gas outlet 24?) at theupper portion of the magazine to draw off the smoke and green gases,which are delivered below the grate 11b to be consumed by the flames.

' The grate 92) forming the bottom of the magazine, is inclined todischarge the dried material to the grate 11b below the tubes 32).

A hopper 25b is disposed outside of the inlet 6a, and a shutter or valve26b is hingedly mounted in said hopper to close said inlet, and restsagainst the inclined wall of the hopper when said shutter is swung open.The shutter 26b is so arranged that any material remaining thereon inthe hopper 252), will be dumped through the inlet 6a when said shutteris closed.

Fig. 5 illustrates another variation including a hollow partition member30 in the furnace to provide the magazine, and to separate the materialfrom thespace '70 from which the outlet '80 leads. 7

Said member 30 has flues 190 through same forthe passage of heat fromthe grate '70 into the wet material. The garbage inlet 6cis in the topof the casing, and the corresponding wall of the casing hasoutletopenings or flues 240 above the grate 913 through which. the green gasesand smoke are drawn from the garbage in the magazine, the flues oropenings 19c permitting the heated products of combustion to be drawnfrom the space through the garbage. This arrangement provides for theflow of heated gases from the combustion chamber throughthe material inthe magazine to facilitate drying of the material, and to draw off thegreen gases and smoke, which may be delivered to the lire forconsumption.

Figs. 6 and? illustrate an incinerator of elliptical outline, includingthe doubled walled jacket 1d of elliptical shape, having the air inletchambers 2d at the upper portions of its opposite sides. The jacket orcasing is provided at suitable points surroundingthe firepot with theopenings 4d normally closed by the doors 5d, and the top '61: has theelliptical or elongated refuse inlet I 6d through which the refuse,garbage or other matter is dumped into the incinerator.

An outlet flue 8d for the products of combustion leads from the rear endof the jacket or casing to the smoke stack (not shown), and a suitableshaking bottom grat'e 10d is provided, which may be composed of hollowsections for the circulation of water, air or other cooling fluid.

An air duct 12d surrounds the bottom grate, which has the sector-shapedsections low at the ends, and said duct has an inclined wall forming aside grate and provided with slots 14d through which air may flow acrossthe bottom grate.

The structure has openings 17d between the jacket and the duct 12d sothat air flowing into the jacket and preheated therein will flow intothe duct 120. to pass through the slots 14d into the combustion chamber.As shown, there are also openings 17m leading from the jacket below theduct into the channel or space 15d below the grate 10d for the flow ofair upwardly through the material on said grate.

As shown, the jacket 1d has a lining composed of refractory blocks 29dwhich are anchored to the jacket, to retain the heat as much as possiblewithin the incinerator, and the heat which penetrates the lining istransmitted to the air flowing through the jacket.

The inlet portion 6d has a cooling jacket 31d surrounding same andprovided with suitable air inlets, and one or more pipes 30d lead fromsaid jacket to the flue 8d or to the smoke stack or other suitable pointof discharge, and a blower may be used to increase the flow of air.

Pipes 311, corresponding with the pipes 3 as shown in Fig. 1, have theirintermediate portions disposed within the furnace, and have their upperterminals extending through the jacket 1d for the inlet of air. Thelower ends of the pipes 3d are secured through the inner wall of thejacket, so that the air is delivered into said jacket after being heatedwithin said pipes. This provides for the pre-heating of the air inflowing through said pipes into the jacket. The chambers 2d may be usedfor the inlet of air also, or for the outlet of air, as may be desiredor advantageous.

A pipe 32d connects the jacket 1d with the flue 8d or the smoke stack,and has a valve 33d which may be opened for drawing the air from thejacket into the flue when the discharge of air from the jacket throughthe openings 17d and 170: is not wanted. The valve 33d when closed willresult in the air flowing from the jacket 1d through the openings 17dand 17m.

The elliptical type of incinerator has advantages over the circular orrectangular shape, and the incinerator may be made of different lengthswith the rounded ends.

In each of the furnaces disclosed-the grates may be hollow for thecirculation of water or air therein for cooling same and taking off heatthat may be used to advantage.

Having thus described the invention what is claimed as new is:

1. An incinerator having magazine and combustion grates arranged side byside with the combustion grate at a lower level than the magazine grate,an air duct between said grates having a slotted wall to discharge airbetween said grates and having openings to permit heat to pass from saidslotted wall under the magazine grate, and means for closing saidopenings so that air introduced into said duct is discharged through theslotted wall between'said grates.

2. An incinerator having substantially parallel magazine and combustiongrates arranged side by side with the combustion grate at a lower levelthan the magazine grate, an air duct having a slotted'wall extendingbetween said grates, and an air duct at the opposite side of thecombustion grate and having a slotted wall for directing air over thecombustion grate toward material on the magazine grat'e.

3. An incinerator having substantially horizontal and parallel magazineand combustion grates arranged side by side with the combustion gratearranged at a lower level than the magazine grate, an air duct betweensaid grates having an inclined slotted wall to discharge air upwardlyand laterally across the combustion grate, and said air duct also havingopenings to permit heat to pass through said openings and slotted wallto the underside of the magazine grate, and a' manually operableslideable closure member arranged within said air duct to open or closesaid, openings so that air introduced under pressure into said duct isdischarged through the slotted wall between said grates when theopenings are closed.

4. In a refuse incinerator, a substantially horizontal refuse supportinggrate, means including spaced water circulating pipes defining with saidgrate, a refuse magazine, a substantially horizontal fuel grate disposedto one side of and at a lower level than said refuse grate, an air ductsubstantially coextensive with and disposed between said grates, saidair duct having a slotted upper wall disposed at an incline and bridgingthe space between said grates, a second air duct at the opposite side ofsaid fuel grate provided with openings directed across said fuel gratetoward said refuse magazine.

5. An incinerator having a refuse magazine provided with a refusesupporting grate at the bottom thereof, a fuel grate at one side of themagazine and at a lower level than said refuse grate to receive materialdropped to one side from the magazine, an air duct having a slotted wallextending between said grates, and means for introducing air underpressure across said fuel grate from the side thereof opposite fromthemagazine toward the material in said magazine.

BERNARD F. SHAUGHNESSY.

